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The PFAS & NANO Talk

Join Matt and Tara as they unpack key insights discussing this article in our Podcast "Heat Cutting Window Coatings?". More Podcasts in our "PFAS & NANO" show here.

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Introduction

Rising global temperatures have made excessive solar heat gain through inefficient windows a major and often overlooked issue. While performant coatings added during the manufacturing process such as low-emissivity (low-E) and others effectively block infrared and ultraviolet light, millions of older windows still allow substantial heat transfer and energy waste.

In this article we want to shed some light on a highly performant and rather less-known Thermal Barrier Glass Coating Solution that can easily compete with any modern manufacturers’ light filtering capabilities. By reflecting up to 90% of infrared and ultraviolet radiation, these nano-coatings can upgrade older or less-performant windows to block heat as effectively as modern high-efficiency glass.

Widespread use of these coatings could significantly reduce emissions from air conditioning and cooling. They demonstrate the power of nanotechnology to enhance sustainability by upgrading existing infrastructure to meet modern efficiency standards.

As the building industry seeks to curb energy waste, upgradable innovations like Nano-Enabled Thermal Barriers provide a smarter path toward a sustainable future by improving our current built environment. Small upgrades can make a major difference in the fight against climate change.

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Understanding Thermal Barrier Window Coatings: Energy-Saving Innovation

Inspired by the high-demand industries like aerospace and power generation, thermal barrier technology has been innovatively applied to window coatings for homes and commercial buildings. These are not films, but permanent window treatments that help regulate indoor temperatures by reflecting solar heat, largely carried by infrared radiation. This makes these thermal barrier window coatings a reliable, cutting-edge solution for energy-saving requirements and can significantly enhance building efficiency.

• Boosting Energy Efficiency: Thermal barrier window coatings improve energy efficiency by reducing solar heat gain, helping households and businesses enjoy substantial energy savings.
• Reflecting Solar Heat: Designed to reflect the sun's infrared radiation, these heat-reflective window coatings effectively maintain cooler interiors while permitting ample natural light.
• Permanent Upgrade Solution: Unlike temporary films, these energy-efficient window coatings are durably applied directly to the interior-facing side of existing window panes for a lasting solution.
• Guarding Against UV Damage: Our thermal barriers safeguard interiors by reducing the penetration of damaging ultraviolet rays, protecting furnishings and fabrics from fading.
• Reducing Glare: These coatings aid in cutting down direct sunlight exposure, managing glare and improving indoor visual comfort.
• Innovation Derived from Industrial Applications: The thermal barrier technology, innovatively adapted for window applications, stems from the high-temperature industrial world, harnessing the power of nanotechnology to contribute to an energy-efficient lifestyle.

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How Nano Window Coatings Block Solar Heat

When it comes to energy efficiency, a standard clear glass window just doesn't cut it. Up to 75% of incoming sunlight passes right through as infrared and ultraviolet light that we can't see. All this radiation ends up heating our buildings, driving up cooling costs.

Traditional window shades, blinds or stuck on films can help reduce glare and heat gain. But they also make interiors darker or provide a less appealing tint, and may even requiring additional artificial lighting. These transparent ultra thin nano-coatings selectively filter out infrared and UV rays, reducing solar heat gain while maintaining clarity.

How do they work? The coatings contain tiny ceramic and metal particles engineered to scatter infrared and ultraviolet wavelengths. Their small size allows visible light to pass through unaffected. This way, the coatings reflect the sun's thermal radiation but let daylight shine in.

Each coating is formulated with nanoparticles tuned to target the solar spectrum, maximising heat deflection. They filter out efficiently infrared wavelengths from 700-1000 nm, where most solar heat resides.

By selectively blocking infrared while transmitting visible light, these nanotech barrier coats keep rooms bright and cool without excessive solar heat gain. A clever way to reduce energy usage while preserving natural light.

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Real-World Benefits: Energy Savings and Occupant Comfort

Windows upgraded with Nanotech Thermal Barrier Coatings offer compelling benefits thanks to their ability to curb solar heat gain:

• Lower cooling costs: By blocking up to 80% of solar heat, the coatings can reduce HVAC cooling demands by 10-25% or more. This cuts electricity bills.
• High transparency: The coatings maintain well over 75% visible light transmission for brightness and clarity. This preserves natural daylighting and exterior views.
• Cooler interiors: Solar heat gain through windows can make indoor spaces uncomfortably hot. These coatings help maintain cooler, more habitable temperatures.
• Glare reduction: Excessive sunlight passing through clear glass causes glare. Thermal Barrier nanocoatings scatter this intense light for a more comfortable indoor experience.
• Fading prevention: Ultra Violet rays that are contained in our daylight can cause furniture and artwork to fade over time if hit directly through unprotected windows. By blocking UV rays, nanotech coatings help preserve interiors.
• Enhanced comfort: The coatings make indoor spaces more comfortably bright and cool, improving wellbeing and productivity.
• Auxiliary benefits: Less air conditioning also reduces noise and provides dehumidification benefits.

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What's the different to Low-Emissivity (Low-E) Coatings

When it comes to energy-efficient glass technologies, there are two main options that generally use advanced nanotechnology - Low-Emissivity (Low-E) coatings and Thermal Barrier Glass Coatings.

Low-E coatings are usually applied during the manufacturing process for new windows and can't be applied anymore after the fact to existing windows.

Nano-Enabled Thermal Barrier Window Coatings, on the other hand, can be upgraded / retrofitted / added to nearly any existing windows. This means you can upgrade the energy efficiency of non-low-E windows without having to replace them, which is a major advantage. Both types of coatings exhibit comparable efficiency.

While both types of coatings providing comparable benefits, the fact that one such coating can be upgraded sounds like an attractive option in our opinion.

The Differences Explained

• Material and Application: While Thermal Barrier Window Coatings are typically a type of nano-coating that can be added to existing windows, Low-E coatings are generally applied to the glass during manufacturing and cannot be added later.
• Function: Thermal Barrier Window Coatings primarily work by reducing solar heat gain, reflecting a significant portion of the sun's heat back to the outside and keeping the room cooler. On the other hand, Low-E coatings minimise the amount of infrared and ultraviolet light that can pass through glass without limiting the amount of natural light, reflecting heat back into the room in winter and reflecting it out in summer.
• Energy Efficiency: Both coatings can increase energy efficiency leading to long-term energy cost savings. Thermal Barrier Window Coatings result in superior energy savings in rooms where heat gain is the main concern. Conversely, Low-E coatings limit heat loss in winter and heat gain in summer, making them better suited for mixed climates.
• Underlying Technology: While Thermal Barrier Window Coatings often do use nanotechnology, the technology behind Low-E coatings doesn't necessarily involve nanotechnology. They use thin layers of metallic oxides to reduce the emissivity of the glass.
• Installation: Low-E coatings are applied during the production of the glass, becoming an integral part of the window. This means the decision to use Low-E glass must be made at the time of window purchase or manufacturing. By contrast, Thermal Barrier Window Coatings can be upgraded anytime after installation, meaning they can be applied to existing windows without needing to replace the whole window, providing greater flexibility.

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Thermal Barrier Window Coatings vs. Window Films

Optimising energy efficiency is critical in today's homes and commercial spaces, with thermal barrier window coatings and window films being two popular solutions. Understanding the specific benefits, components and characteristics of these technologies can help you make an informed decision based on energy requirements and desired aesthetic results.

• Technology Implementation: Thermal barrier coatings employ nanotechnology and are applied directly onto the inner side of window panes. Window films are material sheets attached to or stuck on. Both require certain application expertise to function as intended.
• Durability and Longevity: The thermal barrier coatings offer extended durability since they are permanent solutions. Window films might require replacement over time due to potential peeling, bubbling, or colour distortion.
• Visual Aesthetics: Window films can alter the appearance of windows as they vary from transparent to tinted or even mirrored. In contrast, thermal barrier coatings, being nearly invisible, maintain the original clarity and transparency.
• Energy Efficiency and Heat Management: Both thermal barrier window coatings and window films aid in reducing solar heat gain, leading to an energy-efficient environment. However, thermal coatings specialise in reflecting infrared radiation, ensuring cooler interiors while allowing in plenty of natural light, making them excel in environments where heat gain is a significant concern. Conversely, window films block a broader spectrum of solar radiation, sometimes darkening indoor spaces considerably but ensuring heat management in a variety of climates.

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Application
Examples

Commercial Buildings

Case studies of commercial buildings with nanotech window coatings show they maintain comfortable temperatures while drastically reducing cooling energy usage. Occupants report spaces are brighter and more pleasant without excessive heat buildup near windows.

The list of possible applications is long. Here some examples:

• Offices - Large and small offices, office buildings and corporate campuses could use the coatings to reduce cooling costs and improve comfort near windows and utilise space more efficiently.
• Hospitals - Coatings would help manage temperatures and reduce air conditioning usage in patient rooms and public areas with lots of exterior windows.
• Shopping malls/retail stores - The coatings could lower energy bills while still allowing natural lighting into stores and common areas.
• Hotels - Guest rooms and lobbies with big windows could apply heat blocking nanotech coatings for temperature regulation and considerable energy savings.
• Schools, Universities, Other Education Facilities - Classrooms and libraries would see energy efficiency gains from coated windows that also maintain brightness.
• Government buildings - Public facilities like courthouses, administration buildings, and military facilities are ideal for the coatings.
• Greenhouses - The agricultural sector could apply the coatings to greenhouse glass to filter infrared while transmitting light ideal for plant growth.

Private Homes

For homeowners too, nano-enabled thermal barrier coatings on windows can provide an effective solution to manage excessive heat gain from sunlight while still allowing natural light to brightly illuminate interior spaces.

Here are some use cases where nano-enabled thermal barrier window coatings benefits residential and other private/personal applications:

• Private homes - Coatings would reduce cooling costs and improve comfort for homeowners near large windows. Benefits passive solar design.
• Apartments/condos - Renters in multi-unit complexes could see energy bill reductions from coated windows in their units. May require landlord permission.
• Vehicles - Applying coatings to car, truck, RV, boat, ship and yacht windows helps keep interiors cooler in sunlight and reduce air conditioning needs.
• Tiny homes - Smaller living spaces with big windows would especially benefit from the temperature control and energy savings of nano-coatings.
• Greenhouses - Home gardeners use coated greenhouse panels to optimise light and heat for plants while minimising energy costs.
• Enclosed Pools - Coated glass walls and windows around residential swimming pools could reduce heat loss at night and heat gain during the day.
• Solariums/sunrooms - These glass-heavy spaces become more comfortably usable year-round with coated windows that filter infrared.
• Skylights - Coatings on glass roof panels would let in light while preventing heat buildup and glare underneath.

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Costs,
Payback Period
And ROI

Investing in nanotech window coating solutions vary significantly, dependent on the specific product selected as well as applicator fees for installation. Applicator costs tend to differ widely based on the location requiring installation.

Payback periods range from 3-6 years for residential applications, depending on local energy costs and climate. For commercial buildings, the payback is estimated between 3-5 years.

These payback periods are based on the expected 10-25% drop in cooling costs from Thermal Barrier Glass Coatings. Greater savings will yield faster payback.

These figures account for upfront installation costs compared to energy savings over the coating lifetime of 10-15 years. Again, warm or hot climates will see the highest returns from cooling energy reductions.

Proper ROI analysis should look at your local energy costs, climate and building characteristics to forecast actual savings. Consulting with qualified specialists can provide accurate ROI estimates for your specific property.

Overall the payback period is very competitive compared to other efficiency upgrades. And the ROI from energy savings makes the coatings a smart investment in many regions and building types.

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Product Selection, Quality and Performance Factors

Nanotech window coatings may sound like a uniform product, but there are key differences across manufacturers and formulations. The right selection and quality installation are crucial to realize expected performance benefits.

Here are factors to consider when selecting nanotech window coatings:

• Manufacturer reputation - Lotus Nano can help point you into the right direction.
• Product testing - Look for independent performance verification and field testing before committing. Ask for evidence, client testimonials or even product demonstrations.
• UV/IR blocking rate - The percentage of UV/IR rejected indicates thermal performance. 70-90%+ is ideal.
• Visible light transmission - Rates above 70% ensure proper daylighting. The higher the better.
• Colour neutrality - The coating should not overly alter visible colour or tint views unless you wish to have a tinted solution.
• Durability - Lifespans of 10-20 years are common and indicate quality materials and installation.
• Warranty - Insist on an official warranty on workmanship and product.
• Application method - Most Thermal Barrier Glass Coatings require professional installation for expected performance. DIY kits are generally not recommended.
• Cost - Balance project budget with coating specs to maximise value.

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Hiring a Professional Nanotech Coating Installer

Proper application is crucial for nanotech window coatings to deliver expected performance. Professional installation is recommended so the coatings adhere evenly across all glass surfaces.

When hiring an installation contractor:

• Verify they are authorised by the coating manufacturer, with product training.
• Ask for examples of successful nanotech coating projects they’ve completed.
• Request at least 3 references from past clients and check them.
• Confirm they will provide a performance warranty.
• Get a detailed written quote showing all costs.
• Ask questions and understand what is included in the quote.

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Ongoing Care and Maintenance

Nanotech window coatings are durable and low-maintenance. However, some basic care extends their lifespan:

• Use soft cloths when cleaning coated windows. Avoid abrasive pads.
• Rinse with water frequently when cleaning to reduce scratching.
• Reapply coatings after 10-15 years as they may gradually wear down over time.
• Avoid hitting glass surfaces with objects that could chip or scratch the coating.
• Have windows re-caulked over time to maintain the best seal.
• Schedule professional inspections every 2-3 years to ensure coating performance.

With occasional cleaning and re-application every decade or so, top-quality Thermal Barrier Glass Coatings will deliver reliable energy savings well over a decade.

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End-of-Life Recycling

At end-of-life, windows utilising Thermal Barrier Glass Coatings require proper handling to recover or recycle the glass and nanoparticle components, similar to the needs for recycling low-e (low emissivity) glass which often achieve their effects with nanotech innovation.

The nano-enabled coating should first be removed from the glass through abrasion or chemical stripping processes. The recovered nanoparticle slurry may then be recycled as a raw material feedstock for creating new coatings.

The bare glass can be crushed and recycled using traditional glass recycling methods. However, proper facilities to handle the waste separation and treatment are still limited for both nano-enabled and low-e coatings.

Much of this glass still ends up crushed and sent to landfills, with recycling rates estimated to be less than 10% currently. Significant infrastructure and process improvements are needed to increase recycling rates. This is likely a future industry to be in.

Industry groups are working to improve recycling protocols specifically for low-e and other specialty coated glass products. With further research and collaboration, more sustainable end-of-life solutions can be developed for these advanced window technologies.

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Sustainability Benefits: Reducing Your Carbon Footprint

More than just increasing comfort and savings, nanotech window coatings represent a meaningful step toward a more sustainable built environment. By reducing energy consumption for cooling, these innovative coatings help lower the carbon footprint of buildings.

In a world with dwindling options for meaningful progress on sustainability, nanotech coatings provide a real, scalable solution. Their ability to slash cooling energy use across millions of existing and new buildings makes them a potentially transformative technology.

Adopting Thermal Barrier Window Coatings enhances the eco-friendliness of offices, stores, schools, hotels, museums, homes and other spaces. Such coatings exemplify how human ingenuity can invent technologies enabling sustainability.

Other “green building” strategies complement nanotech coatings to minimise environmental impact:

• High efficiency HVAC systems and smart controls
• LED lighting with sensors and daylight harvesting
• Added insulation to reduce heating/cooling loads
• Low-flow plumbing fixtures to conserve water
• Renewable energy like rooftop solar panels
• Electric vehicle charging stations
• Sustainably sourced and recycled building materials
• Indoor plants and bio-philic design

Together, these approaches cultivate comfortable, energy-efficient buildings that tread more lightly on the planet. Nanotech window coatings provide the cornerstone for ample daylighting without thermal penalty - enabling spaces that are bright, cool and green.

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Are Nanotech Window Coatings Right for You

Thermal Barrier Glass Coating are a remarkable innovative technology that can significantly reduce heat transfer through windows as an after-installation application. By reflecting infrared light, these ultra-thin coatings act as a thermal barrier that lowers energy demand for cooling.

For building owners and managers looking to improve efficiency and sustainability, here are some prime candidates for utilising nano-enabled coatings:

• New construction projects in hot, arid climates - Coatings will maximise long-term energy savings. Apply broadly to all windows.
• Office towers/hospitals with expansive south - and west-facing window surfaces - Large cooling load reduction. Focus on windows with greatest solar exposure.
• Older buildings needing window upgrades - Pair with new glazing for optimal efficiency. Coatings enhance performance of new windows.
• Residential buildings in hot climates - Reduce air conditioning costs for occupants. Ideal for homes/apartments.

Across applications, realistically evaluate the costs versus energy savings potential based on your building specifics, climate and electric rates. If the numbers add up, such nanotech window coatings deliver compelling benefits that only grow over time as energy costs rise.

This technology also paves the way for fully net-zero-energy buildings when combined with onsite renewable generation. By slashing HVAC loads, advanced coatings such as these maximise the potential to offset energy use entirely through rooftop solar systems. The synergy between passive efficiency and distributed renewables points to a more resilient and sustainable energy future.

As an aspirational technology aligned with global energy and climate objectives, nanotech window coatings showcase the kind of solutions we need to create efficiency at scale. Widespread adoption would transform cityscapes into cooler, greener and brighter spaces. And deliver aggregated impacts that benefit the greater good.

Now you know the basics on how nanotech window coatings work, their real-world benefits, costs, product selection, installation, maintenance and sustainability advantages. Reach out to us to further explore this solution for your next construction or upgrade project. Smarter windows make for smarter, greener and more comfortable buildings. Everybody wins!

• Offices - Large office buildings and corporate campuses could use the coatings to reduce cooling costs and improve worker comfort near windows.
• Hospitals - Coatings would help manage temperatures and reduce air conditioning usage in patient rooms and public areas with lots of exterior windows.
• Shopping malls/retail stores - The coatings could lower energy bills while still allowing natural lighting into stores and common areas.
• Hotels - Guest rooms and lobbies with big windows could apply the nanotech coatings for temperature regulation and energy savings.
• Schools/universities - Classrooms and libraries would see energy efficiency gains from coated windows that also maintain brightness.
• Government buildings - Public facilities like courthouses, administration buildings, and military facilities are ideal for the coatings.
• Apartment buildings - Multi-unit residential complexes could benefit for tenant spaces and common areas.
• Greenhouses - The agricultural sector could apply the coatings to greenhouse glass to filter infrared while transmitting light ideal for plant growth.